In Colorado, your liability for the $15,000 assessment depends on when the HOA levied the assessment, not when the fire and hail damage occurred. Under C.R.S. § 38-33.3-315, a unit owner is only responsible for assessments made during their period of ownership. Since you purchased the condo in March 2024, you are only liable for assessments imposed after that date.
To dispute this assessment, the first step is to determine when the HOA actually levied it. If the assessment was imposed before March 2024, you should not be responsible for it, and the HOA should pursue the previous owner instead. If the assessment was imposed after March 2024, it is likely your responsibility.
You may have a claim against the prior owner for failure to disclose the fire and hail damage or the assessment, but it will be highly fact dependent.
Contact us if you would like to speak to an HOA attorney.